![]() ![]() Rationale: The mode of transmission for an infectious microorganism determines the type and degree of precautions used. Review the patient’s medical history (if available) for possible indications and risk factors for illnesses associated with droplet isolation precautions (e.g., influenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus).Review the patient for potential indications for isolation.Encourage questions and answer them as they arise.Educate the patient about possible exposure of other individuals before the diagnosis.Explain to the patient the methods of infection prevention.Educate the patient about modes of infection transmission.Teach the patient the signs and symptoms of infections and provide instructions on when to seek additional care.Explain the purpose of the airborne infection isolation to the patient.Provide developmentally and culturally appropriate education based on the desire for knowledge, readiness to learn, and overall neurologic and psychosocial state.4 A respirator that has not been fitted properly may leave unprotected gaps between it and the face, impairing its effectiveness. 4 Fit-testing must also be conducted whenever respirator design or facial changes that may affect a proper fit take place. Fit-testing must be performed before health care team members are required to wear the respirator in the workplace and must be repeated at least annually. Health care team members who don N95 respirator masks must be fit-tested in a reliable way to determine which size mask is appropriate and to ensure that the wearer knows when a good seal is achieved. Health care team members transporting patients to medically necessary treatments do not need to wear a mask or respirator during transport if the patient is wearing a mask and infectious skin lesions are covered. If the patient needs to be transported for necessary medical treatment, the patient should wear a surgical mask and follow the respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette. Transport of patients outside the AIIR should be limited unless medically necessary.PPE should be used appropriately, including National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved N95 respirator masks or higher level respirators, when health care team members are caring for patients in the AIIR.Health care team members who are susceptible to pathogens transmitted by the airborne route or who are immunocompromised should be restricted from entering the AIIR.The patient should be appropriately placed in an airborne infection isolation room (AIIR).A mask should be placed on a patient who has suspected or confirmed infection with a pathogen transmitted by the airborne route.Health care team members who care for patients with suspected or confirmed infectious illness transmitted via the airborne route should ensure that these measures are taken to prevent airborne transmission: 2 Other airborne pathogens include chickenpox, measles, and disseminated herpes zoster. Current guidelines for preventing and controlling TB focus on detecting the infection early, preventing close contact with a patient who has active TB, and applying effective infection-control measures in the health care setting. One of the most common airborne pathogens is TB. 6 The result of this inflammatory reaction may cause sinus congestion, sore throat, and lower respiratory tract symptoms. In most cases, the pathogen causes an inflammatory reaction of the upper airways, infecting the nose, sinuses, throat, and lungs. undefined#ref6">6 These pathogens can be spread via fine mist, dust, aerosols, or liquids. Knowledge of the infectious process, disease transmission, and critical-thinking skills associated with use of aseptic techniques and barrier protection is essential for both health care team members and patients.Īccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), airborne transmission of infectious pathogens occurs when droplets from the pathogen disseminate and remain infectious when suspended in the air over long distance and time. The health care team member is responsible for educating a patient about infection control. Infection-control practices that reduce and eliminate sources of infection transmission help to protect patients and health care team members from disease. Perform hand hygiene with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) immediately after removing all PPE. Isolation Precautions: Airborne (Ambulatory) - CE ALERTĭon appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) based on the patient’s signs and symptoms and indications for isolation precautions.Īvoid physical contact with the patient with suspected or confirmed tuberculosis (TB) or other airborne pathogen before donning appropriate PPE. ![]()
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